{"id":2641,"date":"2020-12-04T17:57:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T09:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/?p=2641"},"modified":"2023-10-03T16:00:25","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T08:00:25","slug":"are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/","title":{"rendered":"Are Autonomous Vehicles the Unseen Future?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Automobile companies have been investing in the autonomous vehicle industry recently with BMW, adding a driverless self-parking feature to their model S series, to more ambitious brands such as Tesla, aiming to be the first to get their fully autonomous car on the roads. &nbsp;In Singapore, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mas.gov.sg\/schemes-and-initiatives\/Artificial-Intelligence-and-Data-Analytics-AIDA-Grant\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"government is investing into Artificial Intelligence (AI) (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"rank-math-link\">government is investing into Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/a>, including autonomous vehicles, with trials ongoing. So how do driverless vehicles work and how close are we to getting there?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_11 counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-grey\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/#How_it_works\" title=\"How it works?\">How it works?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/#Pros_and_Cons\" title=\"Pros and Cons\">Pros and Cons<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/#Autonomous_vehicles_in_Singapore\" title=\"Autonomous vehicles in Singapore\">Autonomous vehicles in Singapore<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/are-autonomous-vehicles-the-unseen-future\/#References\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"h-how-it-works\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_it_works\"><\/span>How it works?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Firstly,\nthere are six levels of driving automation defined by the Society of Automotive\nEngineers (SAE).&nbsp; Level 0 being \u2018No\ndriving automation\u2019 and level 5 being fully autonomous. (SAE International, 2018)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the\ndriver sets a location, the vehicle will automatically proceed to its\ndestination. The vehicle makes use of radar systems and AI to make decisions,\nsuch as, when to apply the brakes or when to accelerate.&nbsp; Besides radar, it also uses a Light Detection\nand Ranging (Lidar) system to basically create a 3D map of the vehicle\u2019s\nsurroundings using laser pulses. With other similar autonomous vehicles on the\nroad, they are also capable of communicating with one another to provide\ninformation such as location of accidents and traffic jams.&nbsp; (Ondru\u0161, Kolla, Verta\u013e, &amp;\n \u0160ari\u0107, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-pros-and-cons\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pros_and_Cons\"><\/span>Pros and Cons<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The main\nadvantage of self-driving vehicles would be the reduction of traffic accidents.\nThis is due to the elimination of human errors such as distractions and poor\njudgement. Also, with more autonomous vehicles on the road, the flow of traffic\nwould be smoother, thus decreasing traffic congestion and the usage of fuel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main\ndisadvantage, as with other tasks taken up by automation, would be the loss of\njobs for humans. Taxi drivers and delivery drivers would face a huge risk to\ntheir job security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-autonomous-vehicles-in-singapore\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Autonomous_vehicles_in_Singapore\"><\/span>Autonomous vehicles in Singapore<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"607\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1.jpg\" alt=\"Autonomous Shuttle Bus\" class=\"wp-image-2642\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1.jpg 607w, https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/><figcaption> <a>Figure 1: NTU&#8217;s autonomous shuttle bus<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In\nSingapore, the government is investing heavily into technology, including\nautonomous vehicles, in building a \u2018Smart Nation\u2019. The National Technological\nUniversity currently has a driverless shuttle bus which ferries the students\nacross a designated route within the campus. A few companies, such as nuTonomy,\nhave also been approved to test their vehicles in Singapore. In more recent news,\na company called QIQ plans to roll out short-distance, ride-sharing cars in\nSingapore. It is driven manually by a driver, but the company aims for the cars\nto be autonomously driven to the nearest docking station after the passengers\nreach their destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2643\" width=\"466\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2.jpg 506w, https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2-400x223.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/><figcaption> <a>Figure 2: Button showing &#8220;Autonomous Driving&#8221;<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>It will be a\nlong way before level 5 autonomous vehicles will be at the click of a button. Waymo\nand Tesla have shown that the future of self-driving cars is closer than we\nthink. Nonetheless, numerous testing will have to be conducted by the various\ncompanies and accidents are bound to happen during these trials. Even with the\nrelease of autonomous vehicles, the companies would still have to gain the\ntrust of the population and the laws would have to be modified to allow such\nvehicles on the roads.<br>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-references\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ondru\u0161, J., Kolla, E., Verta\u013e, P., &amp; \u0160ari\u0107, \u017d.\n (2020). How Do Autonomous Cars Work? <em>Transportation Research Procedia<\/em>,\n 229. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trpro.2020.02.049\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1016\/j.trpro.2020.02.049<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SAE International. (11 December, 2018). <em>SAE\n International Releases Updated Visual Chart for Its \u201cLevels of Driving\n Automation\u201d Standard for Self-Driving Vehicles.<\/em> Retrieved from SAE\n International: https:\/\/www.sae.org\/news\/press-room\/2018\/12\/sae-international-releases-updated-visual-chart-for-its-%E2%80%9Clevels-of-driving-automation%E2%80%9D-standard-for-self-driving-vehicles\n [Accessed 8 Oct 2020]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Automobile companies have been investing in the autonomous vehicle industry recently with BMW, adding a driverless self-parking feature to their model S series, to more ambitious brands such as Tesla, aiming to be the first to get their fully autonomous car on the roads. &nbsp;In Singapore, the government is investing into Artificial Intelligence (AI), including autonomous vehicles, with trials ongoing. So how do driverless vehicles work and how close are we to getting there? Table of Contents How it works?Pros and ConsAutonomous vehicles in SingaporeConclusionReferences How it works? Firstly, there are six levels of driving automation defined by the Society [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":299,"featured_media":2644,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[24,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2641"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/299"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2641"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4379,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2641\/revisions\/4379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mdis.edu.sg\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}